Experiences Of Nurses Attended Covid-19 Pandemic Patients During 2020, In Public Tertiary Care Hospitals: Experiences of Nurses Attended Covid-19 Pandemic Patients

Faiz Muhammad; Sabiha  Khanum; Sehrish  Naz; Najma  Naz; Asghar khan; Shakir  Ullah

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v4i02.585

Authors

Faiz Muhammad Islamia Nursing College and Allied Health Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
Sabiha Khanum Institute of Nursing Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Sehrish Naz Institute of Nursing Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Najma Naz Institute of Nursing Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Asghar khan Batkhela College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Malakand, Pakistan
Shakir Ullah Florence Institute of Medical Sciences and Nursing, Malakand, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v4i02.585

Keywords:

nurses experiences Coronavirus 2020, COVID-19, Current scenario, SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Hospitals are often the epicenter of newly circulating infections, consequently health workers are at high risk to obtain irresistible infections. Nurses are viewed as among the first to contact patients with arising diseases. Nurses with no prior experience with such contagious diseases were recruited who provided care to patients with COVID 19 in this pandemic. Objective: To investigate the experiences of nurses who have attended covid 19 pandemic patients during 2020. Methods: A qualitative study with thematic analysis was conducted, using a phenomenological approach. A total of 12 nurses have joined in-depth, semi-structured interviews, from three COVID-19-designated hospitals in the capital city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, using purposive sampling technique. Face to face interviews were conducted and their observations were recorded. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Results: Five major themes emerged from data analysis that included Nosophobia, Scarcity of Resources, First Line Warriors, Environmental/Physical Problems and Perceived super spreaders. Nurses identified many sources of social support during pandemic situation. Participants expressed and considered high work load, anxiety and fear and concern for patients and family members as negative emotions in early stage of pandemic crises. Conclusions: The exhaustive work drained nurses physically and emotionally. Nurses should be given a comprehensive assistance and support in protecting themselves while they have showed their strength and spirit of professional dedication to defeat hurdles and challenges, they have faced. Consistent training for nurses is important to advance preparedness and viability in future crisis management.

References

Young M, Crook H, Scott J, Edison P. Covid-19: virology, variants, and vaccines. BMJ Medicine. 2022 Mar; 1: 1-21. doi: 10.1136/bmjmed-2021-000040.

Wang J, Zhou M, Liu F. Letter to the Editor Reasons for healthcare workers becoming infected with novel coronavirus disease 2019. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2020 May; 105(1): 100-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.002.

World Health Organization. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Events as They Happen. 2020. [Last cited: 22nd Mar 2020]. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen.

Ghisolfi S, Almås I, Sandefur JC, von Carnap T, Heitner J, Bold T. Predicted COVID-19 fatality rates based on age, sex, comorbidities and health system capacity. BMJ Global Health. 2020 Sep; 5(9): e003094. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003094.

Li L, Xv Q, Yan J. COVID-19: the need for continuous medical education and training. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2020 Apr; 8(4): e23. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30125-9.

Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020 Jan; 382: 1199-207. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001316.

Rothe C, Schunk M, Sothmann P, Bretzel G, Froeschl G, Wallrauch C, et al. Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020 Mar; 382(10): 970-1. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2001468.

Liu Q, Luo D, Haase JE, Guo Q, Wang XQ, Liu S, et al. The experiences of health-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study. The Lancet Global Health. 2020 Jun; 8(6): e790-8. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30204-7.

Razu SR, Yasmin T, Arif TB, Islam M, Islam SM, Gesesew HA, et al. Challenges faced by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative inquiry from Bangladesh. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021 Aug; 9: 1024. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.647315.

Anderson PD, Suter RE, Mulligan T, Bodiwala G, Razzak JA, Mock C, et al. World Health Assembly Resolution 60.22 and its importance as a health care policy tool for improving emergency care access and availability globally. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2012 Jul; 60(1): 35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.10.018.

Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020 Feb; 395(10223): 497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.

Adams JG and Walls RM. Supporting the health care workforce during the COVID-19 global epidemic. JAMA. 2020 Apr; 323(15): 1439-40. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3972.

Smith PK, Mahdavi J, Carvalho M, Fisher S, Russell S, Tippett N. Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2008 Apr; 49(4): 376-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x.

DiGiovanni C, Conley J, Chiu D, Zaborski J. Factors influencing compliance with quarantine in Toronto during the 2003 SARS outbreak. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science. 2004 Dec; 2(4): 265-72. doi: 10.1089/bsp.2004.2.265.

World Health Organization. Ethics and COVID-19: resource allocation and priority-setting. 2020; 1–5. [Last cited: 22nd Mar 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ethics/publications/ethics-covid-19-resource-allocation.pdf?ua=1.

Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho AR, Kim T, Park JK. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2018 Nov; 87: 123-7. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003.

Hall LM, Angus J, Peter E, O'Brien‐Pallas L, Wynn F, Donner G. Media portrayal of nurses' perspectives and concerns in the SARS crisis in Toronto. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2003 Sep; 35(3): 211-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2003.00211.x.

Bai Y, Lin CC, Lin CY, Chen JY, Chue CM, Chou P. Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatric Services. 2004 Sep; 55(9): 1055-7. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055.

Chowell G, Abdirizak F, Lee S, Lee J, Jung E, Nishiura H, et al. Transmission characteristics of MERS and SARS in the healthcare setting: a comparative study. BMC Medicine. 2015 Dec; 13(1): 1-2. doi: 10.1186/s12916-015-0450-0.

Picard A. Mommy are you going to die. Globe and Mail. 2003; 5: 2003.

Robertson E, Hershenfield K, Grace SL, Stewart DE. The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to SARS: a qualitative study of Toronto health care workers. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 2004 Jun; 49(6): 403-7. doi: 10.1177/070674370404900612.