Frequency of Hypocalcaemia and Hypomagnesaemia in Neonates with Birth Asphyxia: Hypocalcaemia and Hypomagnesaemia in Neonates

. Aikta; Mohammad Iqbal; Vijeet Kumar; Farhana Zafar; . Arti; Lubna Khan

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v6i6.3049

Authors

. Aikta Department of Pediatrics, Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Mohammad Iqbal Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
Vijeet Kumar Department of Hematology, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplant, Karachi, Pakistan
Farhana Zafar Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
. Arti Department of Paediatric Medicine, Child Life Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan
Lubna Khan Department of Pediatrics, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v6i6.3049

Keywords:

Birth Asphyxia, Neonates, Hypocalcaemia, Hypomagnesaemia

Abstract

Birth asphyxia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates in developing nations. Objective: To determine the frequency of hypocalcaemia as well as hypomagnesaemia amongst neonates having birth asphyxia. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed at the department of Pediatrics, Ziauddin Campus, north nazimabad, Karachi from July 2021 to December 2021. A total of 207 asphyxiated term neonates with postnatal age up to 48 hours, and history of birth asphyxia were analyzed. Venous blood sample of 5 ml was drawn by a trained phlebotomist and sent to institutional laboratory for serum analysis of calcium and magnesium levels within first 24 hours of admission. Frequency of hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia were recorded. Chi square or fisher’s exact test were applied taking p≤0.05 as significant to judge inferential statistics. Results: In a total of 207 neonates, 112 (54.1%) were male. The mean post-natal age, and gestational age were 16.6±8.4 hours, and 37.7 ± 0.9 weeks, respectively. The mode of delivery was cesarean section in 121 (58.5%) cases. The frequency of hypomagnesaemia, and hypocalcaemia were documented in 36 (17.4%), and 46 (22.2%) neonates with birth asphyxia, respectively. Conclusions: Among term neonates with birth asphyxia, considerable frequency of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia was observed. These findings highlight the frequent occurrence of electrolyte imbalances in asphyxiated neonates, supporting the need for routine early biochemical screening.

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