Coronary Angiographic Profile in Smokeless Tobacco Users in Patients Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome at A Tertiary Care Cardiac Center: Coronary Angiographic Profile in Tobacco-Using Patients Presenting with ACS

. Sahrish; Sadam Hussain; Vijia Kumar Gemnani; Syed Danish Habib; Farooq Aziz Memon; Sartaj Uddin

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v6i3.2883

Authors

. Sahrish Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
Sadam Hussain Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
Vijia Kumar Gemnani Department of Community Medicine, Chandka Medical College, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan
Syed Danish Habib Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
Farooq Aziz Memon Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
Sartaj Uddin Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v6i3.2883

Keywords:

Acute Coronary Syndrome, Smokeless, Angiography, Single Vascular Disease

Abstract

Smokeless tobacco users with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at tertiary care cardiac centers are more likely to develop significant coronary artery disease (CAD). With multi-vessel involvement, highlighting its significant risk factor. Objectives: To determine the frequency of coronary angiographic profiles in smokeless tobacco users with ACS at a cardiac center. Methods: A study involving 159 smokeless tobacco users aged 18-70 with acute coronary syndrome was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Karachi from Mar 2022 to Jan 2024, recording demographic data such as gender, age, height, and weight. Before an angiography procedure, the patient's medical history, including hypertension, diabetes, family history, and obesity, was reviewed, along with their smokeless tobacco use, recording type, frequency, and duration. Results: A study involving 159 smokeless tobacco users aged 18-70 years, with a mean age of 46.64 ± 10.186, included 134 male (84.3%) and 25 female (15.7%). The study revealed that male accounted for 63 (39.62%) of the total ACS with Single vascular disease (SVD), while unstable angina was typical in 52 (32.70%) cases. The study found a significant association between age groups, ACS type, culprit artery, and tobacco use on the day of ACS (p=0.004, 0.027, 0.044, and 0.024), respectively. However, no significant association was seen between gender, tobacco type, and risk variables. Conclusions: It was concluded that smokeless tobacco significantly contributes to ACS, with a high percentage of single vessel blockage involving RCA, and that duration and number of use also contribute to ACS.

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