Pattern and Distribution of Symphysis and Parasymphysis Fracture among Patients of Road Traffic Accident at Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi: Symphysis and Parasymphysis Fracture in Road Accidents

Honey Rajpal; Jehan Alam; Sumbal Ghaffar; Ambreen Mehboob; Maryam Mughal; Waiza Batool

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v7i7.3751

Authors

Honey Rajpal Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
Jehan Alam Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
Sumbal Ghaffar Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
Ambreen Mehboob Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
Maryam Mughal Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
Waiza Batool Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v7i7.3751

Keywords:

Mandibular Fractures, Maxillofacial Trauma, Parasymphysis, Road Trauma, Symphysis

Abstract

Maxillofacial trauma resulting from road traffic accidents (RTAs) constitutes a significant public health burden, particularly in developing countries. Objectives: To establish the trend and location of symphysis and parasymphysis mandibular injuries and their relationship with the road traffic accident mechanism. Methods: This cross-sectional research was done at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, during a period of six months after receiving ethical approval. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to include 122 patients aged 18-60 years who sustained a mandibular fracture as a result of RTA either at the symphysis or parasymphysis. The structured Performa was utilized in data collection, and SPSS version 23.0 in data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used, and a chi-square test was used to identify the association, and a p-value less than 0.05 was taken to be significant. Results: The average age of patients was 34.6 +9.8 years with the male preponderance (79.5%). The majority were related to motorcycles (69.7% and 78.7% of the cases, respectively), and most of the victims did not take any preventive measures (69.7%). The most commonly associated was the parasymphysis region (53.3%), which was then followed by symphysis (32.0%), and most fractures were unilateral (68.0%) and displaced (55.7%). A statistically significant relationship between mechanism of injury and fracture site (p=0.032) and fracture pattern (p=0.041) existed. Conclusion: Symphysis and parasymphysis mandibular fractures are mostly caused by motorcycle road traffic accidents, especially in young males.

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