The Frequency of Blood Transfusion Reactions: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital: Frequency of Blood Transfusion Reactions

Uzma Chohan; Sumayya Najam; Khushbakhat Khanzada Rajput; Maryam Khanzada Rajput; Syeda Azka Waqar; Namra Yunus

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v6i1.2701

Authors

Uzma Chohan Department of Pathology, Shahida Islam Medical College, Lodhran, Pakistan
Sumayya Najam Department of Hematology, Hematology Diagnostic Center, Lahore, Pakistan
Khushbakhat Khanzada Rajput Department of Pathology, Isfand Yar Bukhari District Hospital, Attock, Pakistan
Maryam Khanzada Rajput Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Lab, Bilawal Medical College, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Syeda Azka Waqar Department of Pathology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
Namra Yunus Department of Pathology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v6i1.2701

Keywords:

Blood Transfusion Reactions, Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions, Allergic Reactions, Blood Products, Transfusion Safety

Abstract

Blood Transfusion Reactions (BTRs) are complications that may occur during or after transfusion, in which allergic reactions and Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (FNHTRs) being the most common. Objective: To assess the frequency and types of transfusion reactions among patients at Shahida Islam Medical College Hospital and a blood transfusion service supplier. Methods: This study analyzed transfusion reactions reported between January, 2022, and September, 2024. A total 1936 transfused has done during this time frame. Data were collected using non-probability convenience sampling, covering patient demographics, blood products used, and Incident rate of transfusion reactions. IBM SPSS version 28.0 was utilized for statistical analysis, with categorical variables presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: Out of 1936 transfusions a total 12 (0.6%) reported transfusion reactions in which allergic reactions accounted for the majority (50.0%), followed by FNHTRs (33.33%) and none or very limited reactions of other reactions seen both on whole blood and PCV. The overall incidence of transfusion reactions was 0.53%. Conclusions: This study highlighted that allergic reactions are the most prevalent Blood Transfusion Reactions, emphasizing the need for premedication protocols for high-risk patients. Future research should focus on identifying predictive markers for allergic reactions, refining transfusion protocols.

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