Frequency of C-Shaped Root Canals in Permanent Mandibular Second Molars in a Sample of Pakistani Population using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Frequency of C-Shaped Root Canals

Syed Nabeel Ahmed; Muhammad Mansoor Majeed; Sakina Kazmi; Muhammad Omar Ansari

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v5i06.1568

Authors

Syed Nabeel Ahmed Department of Endodontics, Altamash Dental Hospital, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Mansoor Majeed Department of Oral Biology, Altamash lnstitute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
Sakina Kazmi Department of Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Omar Ansari Department of Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v5i06.1568

Keywords:

C-shaped Root Canals, Mandibular, Endodontic Therapy, Dental Morphology

Abstract

C-shaped root tubes have a challenging design that causes issues in the clinic. Endodontic therapy requires careful consideration of the C-shape root canal design in Pakistan due to the country's high carious rate (about 60%). Objective: To determine the frequency of C-shaped root canals in permanent mandible second molars among Pakistani adults. Methods: At Karachi's Altamash Dental Hospital, cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2021 and January 2022.We used mandibular CBCT images to analyze 302-second molars. The position of the longitudinal groove and the bilateral predominance of C-shaped root canals were also observed. A chi-square test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: 47 teeth (15.54%) out of 302 had a “C-shaped canal” configuration. The breakdown was as follows: 31.91% in Category 1 (C1), 14.89% in Category 2 (C2), 6.38% in Category 4 (C4), and 46.80% in Category 3 (C3). There was no appreciable variation in the prevalence of C-shaped canals between the genders; 32.14% of the patients had them unilaterally and 67.85% had them bilaterally. Conclusions: “C-shaped canals are found in 15.54% of the mandibular second molars” in the Pakistani sample group, and a high probability of a matching lingual groove (59.57%) is present in these teeth. The most common type of C-shaped root canals observed in this study is C3.

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