Assessment Of Knowledge And Practices Of Influenza And Pneumococcal Vaccination Among Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Patients In Bewal International Hospital
Vaccination Practices in Diabetic Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v5i07.1543Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Immunity, Vaccination, Influenza, PneumoniaAbstract
Patients with diabetes have high risk of developing pneumococcal and influenza infections and are advised to take immunization for prevention against the disease. Objective: To determine the level of awareness and immunization behaviors for influenza and pneumonia among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes received treatment at Bewal International Hospital, Gujar Khan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at the diabetic clinic of Bewal International Hospital, Gujar Khan, from June 2023 to August 2023. A total of 200 patients with diabetes were included in the study. Socio-demographic details were noted on a pre-structured questionnaire. Questions about knowledge and practices of vaccination particularly influenza and pneumococcal were asked and responses were noted. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.0 ± 1.18 years. 193 (96.5%) had poor knowledge regarding influenza and pneumococcal infections and their vaccines. An alarming 99% of the people did not have any clue about any vaccination against pneumococcal and influenza infection in patients with diabetes. Similarly, only 1.0% of patients had good practices regarding these vaccinations. Conclusions: The knowledge and practice of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in patients with diabetes is drastically low in the study population. The health care providers should educate the patients and the government should take concrete steps towards education and improvement of the socioeconomic condition of people along with cost-effectiveness and availability of vaccines for every individual
References
Dicembrini I, Silverii GA, Clerico A, Fornengo R, Gabutti G, Sordi V, et al. Influenza: Diabetes as a risk factor for severe related-outcomes and the effectivesness of vaccination in diabetic population. A meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis. 2023; 33(6): 1099-1110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.016
Ong KL, Stafford LK, McLaughlin SA, Boyko EJ, Vollset SE, Smith AE et al. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet. 2023 Jul; 402(10397): 203-34. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01301-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01301-6
Verket M, Jacobsen M, Schütt K, Marx N, Müller-Wieland D. Influenza vaccination in patients affected by diabetes. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2023; 25(Supplement_A): A36-A41.
Silverii GA, Gabutti G, Tafuri S, Sarti F, Pratesi A, Clerico A, et al. Diabetes as a risk factor for pneumococcal disease and severe related outcomes and efficacy/effectiveness of vaccination in diabetic population. Results from meta-analysis of observational studies. Act Diabetol. 2024;2024:1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-024-02282-5
Cilloniz C, Torres A. Diabetes Mellitus and Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Diagnostics 2024;14(8):859. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14080859
Mohan V, Unnikrishnan R, Thomas N, Bhansali A, Wangnoo SK, Thomas K. Pneumococcal infections and immunization in diabetic patients. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 2011 Jan; 57(1): 78-81. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.74299. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0022-3859.74299
Sözen M, Karatoprak AP, Demirhan Y, Nasırlıer GÇ, Selek A, Gezer E et al. Awareness of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in diabetic patients. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders. 2021 Jun; 20(1): 757-63. doi: 10.1007/s40200-021-00812-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00812-4
Lawrence H, Pick H, Baskaran V, Daniel P, Rodrigo C, Ashton D et al. Effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against vaccine serotype pneumococcal pneumonia in adults: a case-control test-negative design study. PLOS Medicine. 2020 Oct; 17(10): e1003326. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003326
Scelfo C, Menzella F, Fontana M, Ghidoni G, Galeone C, Facciolongo NC. Pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal diseases: the role of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the era of multi-drug resistance. Vaccines. 2021 Apr; 9(5): 420. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9050420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050420
Verket M, Jacobsen M, Schütt K, Marx N, Müller-Wieland D. Influenza vaccination in patients affected by diabetes. European Heart Journal Supplements. 2023 Feb; 25(A): A36-41. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac119
Demirci I, Haymana C, Salman S, Tasci I, Corapcioglu D, Kirik A et al. Rates and associates of influenza and pneumococcus vaccination in diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cross-sectional study (TEMD vaccination study). World Journal of Diabetes. 2021 Dec; 12(12): 2107. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i12.2107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v12.i12.2107
Al-Qerem W, Jarab A, AlBawab AQ, Hammad A, Alazab BA, Abu Husein D et al. Examining Influenza Vaccination Patterns and Barriers: Insights into Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Diabetic Adults (A Cross-Sectional Survey). Vaccines. 2023 Nov; 11(11): 1689. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11111689. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11111689
Bayar E, Koc Z, Akın S. Change in Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccine Awareness in Diabetic Patients in the Last 2 Years. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. 2023 Dec; 13(3): 224-30. doi: 10.5505/kjms.2023.10438. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2023.10438
Shea KM, Edelsberg J, Weycker D, Farkouh RA, Strutton DR, Pelton SI. Rates of pneumococcal disease in adults with chronic medical conditions. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2014;1(1):ofu024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofu024
Organization WH. Classification of diabetes mellitus. WHO. 2019;Geneva, Switzerland.
Alhatim N, Al-Bashaireh AM, Alqudah O. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of seasonal influenza and influenza vaccine immunization among people visiting primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One. 2022;17(4):e0266440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266440
Olatunbosun OD, Esterhuizen TM, Wiysonge CS. A cross sectional survey to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding seasonal influenza and influenza vaccination among diabetics in Pretoria, South Africa. Vaccine. 2017;35(47):6375-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.006
Al-Sayyar A, Hulme KD, Thibaut R, Bayry J, Sheedy FJ, Short KR et al. Respiratory tract infections in diabetes-lessons from tuberculosis and influenza to guide understanding of COVID-19 severity. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2022 Jul; 13: 919223. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.919223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.919223
Kitchlew R, Latif S, Iqbal J, Saif S. Vaccination Status, Knowledge, Attitude and Perceptions of Vaccination against Influenza and Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Diabetic Population of Lahore, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Public Health. 2022 Dec; 12(4): 188-93. doi: 10.32413/pjph.v12i4.1130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v12i4.1130
Alsaad SM, Alghamdi K, Alangari AK, Alangari AK, Badahdah AA, MA A. Knowledge, attitude and practice of influenza vaccination among type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients in King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;25(117):2899-909. 2021 Nov; 25(117): 2899-2909.
Geneev C, Mathew N, Jacob JJ. Vaccination status, knowledge, and acceptance of adult vaccinations against respiratory illness among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2018 Mar; 22(2): 280-2. doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_29_18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijem.IJEM_29_18
Almusalam YA, Ghorab MK, Alanezi SL. Prevalence of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in Saudi type 2 diabetic individuals. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2019 Jun; 8(6): 2112-9. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_265_19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_265_19
Kunnuru S, Godella V, Vinala S, Anne B. A study to evaluate the knowledge, vaccination status and acceptance of adult vaccinations against respiratory infections in patients with type 2 diabetes in South India. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. 2023 Oct; 43(5): 772-8. doi: 10.1007/s13410-022-01166-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-022-01166-0
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments
