Emerging role of MRI to assess the Volume of Pineal Glands in Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders: Literature Review: Emerging Role of MRI

Muhammad Ahmad  Raza; Rabia  Parveen; Hajra  Sultan; Laamia  Altuf; Amna  Sana; Farwa Seemab  Zafar

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v4i09.1027

Authors

Muhammad Ahmad Raza University Institute of Radiological Sciences & MIT, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Rabia Parveen Riphah School of Leadership, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Hajra Sultan Department of Radiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Laamia Altuf Department of Radiological Science & MIT, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan
Amna Sana University Institute of Radiological Sciences & MIT, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Farwa Seemab Zafar Department of Radiological Science & MIT, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v4i09.1027

Keywords:

Bipolar Disease, Schizophrenia, Unipolar Depression, Pineal Gland Volume

Abstract

Most patients with manic depression and diseases have issues with their circadian rhythms and sleep. Melatonin, which is vital for circadian rhythm and sleep, is secreted by pineal gland. This study evaluated and compared the volume of pineal gland in individuals with psychotic symptoms and manic depression. The aim of study is to find out volume of Pineal glands in Schizophrenic Patients. The data included in this literature review were found using several search engines. Using magnetic resonance imaging, the total mean pineal volume compared with the total pineal gland volume of all patients. In this research's literature evaluation, only 26 articles were used for extraction of data related to topic statement. The current study looked role of MRI to assess volume of pineal gland in in Schizophrenic patients. Patients with manic depression had considerably lower mean volume of pineal gland than the other groups. It is concluded that although more research is needed to fully understand the aspects of medications and more mediating agents on the volume of pineal gland. This difference is not present in patients with manic depression. Pineal gland abnormalities in schizophrenia patients may contribute to the disease's etiology.

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