Frequency of Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia and Factors Associated with it in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia in COPD Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v7i10.3783Keywords:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia, Phenotype, ProgressiveAbstract
Eosinophilic COPD is a known phenotype that has specific traits and favorable response to inhaled corticosteroids. Objective is to determine how often peripheral blood eosinophilia occurs in individuals diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and identify its associated demographic and clinical factors. Objectives: To determine the frequency of peripheral blood eosinophilia and its associated factors among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presenting in tertiary care hospital Lahore. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out within the Department of Pulmonology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from ( September 2025 to December 2025). A total of 121 COPD patients were recruited through consecutive, non-probability sampling. Laboratory tests including blood eosinophil count, spirometry test, and serum IgE level were performed. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was defined as an absolute eosinophil count of 100 cells/μL or higher. Statistical analysis with chi-square tests and binary logistic regression was performed with SPSS version 26.0. Results: The frequency of peripheral blood eosinophilia was 62% (75/121). Mean age was 53.76 ± 10.77 years with 80.2% males. A strong association was observed with IgE levels: 48 (90.6%) patients with IgE >200 had peripheral blood eosinophilia, compared to 27 (39.7%) patients with IgE ≤200 (p<0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that, after adjusting for gender, BMI (>25 kg/m²), smoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease, elevated IgE levels remained significantly associated with the presence of peripheral blood eosinophilia among patients with COPD. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, the frequency of peripheral blood eosinophilia among COPD patients was 62%. Gender, smoking status, and IgE levels were initially found to be associated with the presence of eosinophilia; however, after regression analysis, only elevated IgE levels remained a significant predictor of peripheral blood eosinophilia in patients with COPD.
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