Faculty Readiness for Interprofessional Education at Public Sector University in Pakistan
Faculty Readiness for Interprofessional Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v7i9.3762Keywords:
Interprofessional Education, Faculty Attitudes, Readiness, Health Professions EducationAbstract
Interprofessional Education (IPE) promotes collaborative practice and improves patient-centered care. Faculty engagement is critical for implementation; however, evidence from public-sector health sciences universities in Pakistan remains limited. Objective: To assess faculty attitudes and readiness toward IPE, compare mean attitude and readiness scores across disciplines and demographic groups, and examine correlations with teaching experience. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was done among 250 faculty members from Medicine, Dentistry, Surgery, Basic Sciences, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Allied Health disciplines. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire including reverse-coded items. Descriptive statistics summarized Likert-scale responses. One-way ANOVA compared mean scores across disciplines and age groups, independent t-tests assessed gender differences, and Pearson’s correlation examined associations between attitude, readiness, and teaching experience (p<0.05). Results: Over 80% of the participants agreed with items showing that IPE fosters cooperation, communication, and mutual respect among health professionals, while those reverse-coded received agreement levels of ≤10%. There was a statistically significant difference in the readiness level based on discipline (p=0.04), whereby nursing and medicine had higher mean scores, while pharmacy and basic sciences had lower mean scores. Gender (p=0.06) and age (p=0.056) did not show statistically significant differences. A weak, yet significant correlation was noted between attitude and readiness (r=0.279, p<0.001). Teaching experience correlated moderately and positively with both attitude (r=0.622) and readiness (r=0.716) (p<0.001). Conclusion: Faculty demonstrate positive attitudes toward IPE, with disciplinary and experience-related variations influencing readiness.
References
van Diggele C, Roberts C, Burgess A, Mellis C. Interprofessional Education: Tips for Design and Implementation. BioMed Central Medical Education. 2020 Dec; 20(2): 455. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02286-z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02286-z
Jiang Y, Cai Y, Zhang X, Wang C. Interprofessional Education Interventions for Healthcare Professionals to Improve Patient Safety: A Scoping Review. Medical Education Online. 2024 Dec; 29(1): 2391631. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2391631. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2024.2391631
Folkman AK, Tveit B, Sverdrup S. Leadership in Interprofessional Collaboration in Health Care. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2019 Jan: 97-107. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S189199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S189199
Taiebine M, Al Hassani W, Nejjari C. The Experience of Project-Based Learning Among First-Year Health Sciences Students in Morocco. Cureus. 2024 Oct; 16(10). doi: 10.7759/cureus.72649. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.72649
Zaccomer A, Wirth F, Camilleri L, Azzopardi LM. Design and evaluation of a tool to assess the impact of interprofessional education on the development of pharmacy professional competencies. Pharmacy Education. 2024; 24(1): 529-538. doi: 10.46542/pe.2024.241.529538 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2024.241.529538
de Mendonça BF, de Carvalho RB, Pacheco KT. Interprofessional Education in Undergraduate Dental Curricula: A Systematic Review. Journal of Dental Education. 2024 May; 88(5): 554-66. doi: 10.1002/jdd.13464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.13464
Soares P, Ribeiro da Costa A, Martorelli Petin Ortiz Medeiros L, Santos G, Carlomagno G, Batista NA et al. Interprofessional Education in Undergraduate Courses in Health in Brazil: Integrative Review. Journal of Interprofessional Care. 2024 May; 38(3): 499-506. doi: 10.1080/13561820.2023.2273862. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2023.2273862
McCullough GH, Powers K, Watts-Isley J, Brown P, Smith S, Vaughn JT. Interprofessional Education at the University Level: Evidence, Models, and Future Directions. North Carolina Medical Journal. 2024 May; 85(3): 169-172. doi: 10.18043/001c.117088. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18043/001c.117088
Dolan S and Nowell L. Interprofessional Education Opportunities for Health Care Educators in the Practice Setting: An Integrative Review. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions. 2025 Apr; 45(2): 101-8. doi: 10.1097/CEH.0000000000000573. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/CEH.0000000000000573
Saragih ID, Hsiao CT, Fann WC, Hsu CM, Saragih IS, Lee BO. Impacts of Interprofessional Education on Collaborative Practice of Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nurse Education Today. 2024 May; 136: 106136. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106136
Carlisle C and Taing MW. Interprofessional Education Between Dentistry and Pharmacy Students: Delivery, Barriers and Facilitating Implementation. Australian Dental Journal. 2021 Dec; 66(4): 351-7. doi: 10.1111/adj.12856. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/adj.12856
Alharbi NS, Bukhari L, Albaz NK, Alraddadi AS, Albilehi R, Alkahtani R et al. Interprofessional Education: A Systematic Review of Educational Methods in Postgraduate Health Professions Programs. The Clinical Teacher. 2025 Aug; 22(4): 70114. doi: 10.1111/tct.70114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.70114
Alruwaili A, Mumenah N, Alharthy N, Othman F. Students’ Readiness for and Perception of Interprofessional Learning: A Cross-Sectional Study. BioMed Central Medical Education. 2020 Oct; 20(1): 390. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02325-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02325-9
Bogossian F, New K, George K, Barr N, Dodd N, Hamilton AL et al. The Implementation of Interprofessional Education: A Scoping Review. Advances in Health Sciences Education. 2023 Mar; 28(1): 243-77. doi: 10.1007/s10459-022-10128-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10128-4
Chua TX, Lopez V, Chua QW, Lau ST. Impact of Interprofessional Education on Empathy of Pre-Licensure Healthcare Students: A Mixed-Studies Systematic Review. Nurse Education Today. 2024 Dec; 143: 106380. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106380
Alsharari T, Khattak O, Agarwal A, Chaudhary FA, Suhail N, Begum GS et al. Health Professional Students’ Perceptions and Preparedness for Interprofessional Education: A Multicentric Analysis Across Five Countries. Frontiers in Medicine. 2025 Sep; 12: 1665243. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1665243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1665243
Parsell G and Bligh J. The Development of a Questionnaire to Assess the Readiness of Health Care Students for Interprofessional Learning. Medical Education. 1999 Feb; 33(2): 95-100. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00298.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00298.x
Oerther S, Breitbach A, Manspeaker SA, Pole D, L'Ecuyer KM. Interprofessional Education for Nursing Students in the Age of the Anthropocene. Nurse Education in Practice. 2022 Dec; 67: 103536. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103536
Soomro F, Ali TS, Imdad P, Khowaja KA, Nawaz N, Bux RK. Self-Awareness and Psychosocial Correlates Among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Asian Development Studies. 2025 Aug; 14(3): 204-11. doi: 10.62345/jads.2025.14.3.16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2025.14.3.16
Frenk J, Chen L, Bhutta ZA, Cohen J, Crisp N, Evans T et al. Health Professionals for a New Century: Transforming Education to Strengthen Health Systems in an Interdependent World. The Lancet. 2010 Dec; 376(9756): 1923-1958. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61854-5. . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61854-5
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments



