X-ray Radiography of Bone Fractures Associated With Road Trafc Accidents (RTA)

How to Cite: Ghuman, S. ., John, A. ., Ali, A. ., Ahmad Naeem, M. ., & Riaz, M. . (2022). X-ray Radiography of Bone Fractures Associated With Road Tra c Accidents RTA: Bone Fractures Associated With Road Tra c Accidents. Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences, 3(01). https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v3i01.56

number of annual road tra c deaths has grown to 1.35 million, according to the WHO's Global Status Report on Road Safety 2018, issued in December 2018 [8]. Vehicle/ automobile road collisions are the leading reason of mortality among people aged 5 to 29 years old [-9]. Pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists endure a disproportionate amount of the cost, particularly in developing nations [10]. Long bone fractures can happen in several different ways [11], while a transverse fracture is de ned by its horizontal nature [12]. Fractures that run parallel to the surface of the bone are known as longitudinal fractures [1]. Another form of fracture that develops when a bone is shattered or breaks apart is a comminuted fracture [1,13]. Comminuted fractures are referred to as mixed fractures that have both longitudinal and transverse *Corresponding Author:

Samama Ghuman
The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Pakistan ghumansamama@gmail.com components [14,15]. The rst kind, known as a Greenstick fracture, occurs when one side of the bone is shattered whereas the other one is twisted [16]. When two bones are fractured in a spiral pattern and are wrenched apart, it is called a spiral fracture [14]. Every day, new and quickly evolving technologies arise in a range of elds, notably in medicine [17]. Certain earlier tactics, on the other hand, are still frequently utilized, effective, and valuable in this respect. X-rays are one of these methods for identifying bone fractures [18]. X-ray is the oldest, quickest, and most extensively used radiographic modality in the world for visualizing the body's interior organs and checking suspicious fractures [19]. It has become a very useful and popular technique for identifying fractures in patients, due to its broad availability in regions where many complex and costly imaging modalities are unavailable [20]. Radiologists or physicians carefully evaluate X-ray images to detect the presence and kind of fractures in numerous bones [21]. Finding the exact site of a fracture in a patient who is in pain or has been injured is di cult and timeconsuming. Medical imaging methods are now widely used in both research and diagnosis [22]. The technology of Xray imaging is used to diagnose and represent anatomical aspects in people, such as bones [23]. X-ray scans are commonly used by doctors and radiologists in hospitals to determine whether or not a fracture has occurred, as well as assessing the particular type of the fracture [24]. Road tra c collisions/accidents (RTAs) claim the lives of a large amount of people every year. Each year a wide array of people pertaining to varying ages are injured due to RTAs. In current study the use of x-rays as a rst line of diagnosis in emergency situations of road tra c accidents can be endorsed. The present research will aware and acknowledge the patients to use x-rays as a rst diagnosis in immediate conditions, because of its reliability and cost/time effectiveness. Furthermore, it will document the type of injuries in Road Tra c accidents which will draw attention towards road safety measures.
All patients with RTA-related fractures who underwent Xrays were included in this cross-sectional analysis at the orthopedic department of the DHQ/Teaching Hospital in Gujranwala. The research was concluded in three months, from January 13th, 2022 to April 13th, 2022. The study included a total of 100 patients, all of these patients had fractures from road vehicle collisions. Patients with fallrelated fractures, sports-related fractures, osteoporosis, and patients undergoing bone surgery were all omitted, as were those who refused to take written approval and others who were recalcitrant. A Siemens Ceiling Mount X-Ray machine was utilized to examine the fracture and collect R E S U L T S Table 1 illustrates the incidence of fractured bones related with road tra c accidents among people involved; ulna 3 (2.5%), radius 6 (4.9%), femur 46 (37.7%), tibia 26 (21.3%), bula 20 (16.4%), ankle joint 2 (1.6%), humerus 8 (6.6%), knee joint 3 (2.5%), elbow joint 6 (4.9%), spine 1 (0.8%) and phalanges 1 (0.8%), the femur is the most frequently damaged bone (37.7%), while thumb (0.8%) and spine (0.8%) fractures are the least prevalent

Fractured bones Frequency Percent
The most probable bone fracture in road tra c accidents is the femur, which is more prevalent in people on bikes.
The most prevalent kind of fractured bone is a transverse bone fracture.
Multiple patients with RTA-based fractures who underwent X-rays were considered in this cross-sectional assessment at the orthopedic department. The research was conducted in three months. Total of 100 patients suffering from fractures from road accidents were included. Patients with fall-and sports-related fractures, osteoporosis, and those undergoing bone surgeries were all eliminated, as were those who declined to take written approval and others who were reluctant. A fractured bone is a health ailment in which the connectivity of the bone has been broken or compromised. It's a common bone condition that happens when the bone can't handle external forces such as direct hits, twisting traumas, or falls. Pressure, accident, and osteoporosis are all major causes of bone fracture. In present study, the incidence of fractured bones related with road tra c accidents among people involved; ulna 3 (2.5%), radius 6 (4.9%), femur 46 (37.7%), tibia 26 (21.3%), bula 20 (16.4%), ankle joint 2 (1.6%), humerus 8 (6.6%), knee joint 3 (2.5%), elbow joint 6 (4.9%), spine 1 (0.8%), and phalanges 1 (0.8%), whereas, the femur is the most frequently damaged bone (37.7%), while thumb (0.8%) and spine (0.8%) fractures are the least prevalent. Studies by Aloudah et al. 2020, andAnibor, et al. 2021 [5,2], indicated that the femur was the most often shattered bone and the most prone skeletal structure to fracture, followed by the tibia/ bula. This study demonstrated that 41 (33.6%) of patients with RTA-related fractures had to have a transverse fracture, which is the most prevalent type, and 1 (0.8%) had a Garden type IV fracture, which has the lowest percentage and is least likely to happen.  [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]